Specialists of the Medical Center “Doctor Aizyatulova’s Reproductive Medicine Clinic” – AIS successfully perform surgeries for gallbladder removal and hernia repair. Surgical treatment always includes a comprehensive set of measures: accurate diagnostics, preoperative preparation, the surgical procedure itself, and recovery. After surgery, you will stay in a comfortable inpatient unit of our clinic under 24/7 medical supervision.

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

The laparoscopic method of gallbladder removal is recognized as the most effective surgical treatment for gallbladder diseases. Currently, nearly 95% of patients requiring emergency or elective intervention are operated on using this technique. Indications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy:

• Gallstone disease and its complications, such as acute bile duct obstruction;
• Gallbladder polyps;
• The condition of a “non-functioning” gallbladder (unable to store or secrete bile).

Indications for laparoscopic surgery largely coincide with those for open (laparotomic) surgery. However, laparoscopy has a number of clear advantages:

• Minimal trauma to the abdominal muscles and skin — this is not only a cosmetic issue; the size of the incision with an “open” approach affects both recovery speed and postoperative pain (which is minimal with laparoscopy);
• Degree of blood loss — with laparoscopic intervention it is close to zero;
• Excellent cosmetic effect (especially important for women), as well as an almost zero risk of postoperative hernia formation;
• Rapid patient rehabilitation — inpatient treatment usually lasts no more than 2–3 days, and return to normal life occurs within 1–2 weeks.

Unfortunately, if the gallbladder has significant anatomical abnormalities or atypical positioning, or if the patient has extensive adhesions in this area due to previous surgeries, or if complications arise during the procedure, surgeons may have to initially choose an open surgery or switch to it after starting laparoscopy. However, such situations occur in no more than 5–8% of cases. Contraindications to general anesthesia may also be an obstacle, such as severe patient condition, serious liver diseases, blood disorders and coagulation abnormalities, or cardiovascular diseases that limit the possibility of introducing gas into the abdominal cavity during laparoscopic manipulation. Course of the operation:

• Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed under general anesthesia.
• The duration of a planned surgery is 30–60 minutes.
• Up to 4 small incisions up to 1 cm long are made on the abdominal wall, depending on the situation.
• A small amount of gas is introduced into the abdominal cavity to allow surgical manipulation.
• All intra-abdominal manipulations are performed under visual control using a video system of the Karl Storz endoscopic tower.
• After surgery, the patient remains under medical supervision in a comfortable inpatient room of the clinic.

Laparoscopic Hernioplasty

Laparoscopic surgery for abdominal hernia repair using a mesh alloprosthesis that reinforces the abdominal wall differs fundamentally from the open method. In conventional (open) surgery, the postoperative scar essentially serves as a treatment factor, tightening and holding the hernia defect (openings or gaps through which hernia contents protrude). Meanwhile, complete scar formation takes at least 4 months. In addition, the quality of scar tissue depends on the patient’s general condition, and a tension zone forms near the scar, creating a risk of recurrence and complications. Advantages of laparoscopic hernia repair:

• Minimal surgical trauma to the anterior abdominal wall, skin, and muscles;
• Minimal blood loss;
• Reduced risk of disease recurrence;
• Extremely low complication rate (up to 0.3% of cases);
• Rapid rehabilitation;
• Almost complete absence of postoperative pain.

Indications for laparoscopic hernioplasty include all types of abdominal hernias regardless of their origin (postoperative, due to ligament weakness, etc.). Contraindications for laparoscopic hernioplasty:

• Complicated abdominal hernias, such as strangulated hernias;
• General contraindications to laparoscopic surgery, such as decompensated heart disease and others.

Course of the operation:

• The surgery is performed under general anesthesia.
• Three small incisions of approximately 10 mm are made on the anterior abdominal wall, through which gas (CO₂) and instruments are introduced.
• An alloprosthesis is usually placed on the inner side of the abdominal wall at the hernia defect. Patients often refer to it as a “mesh.” It is indeed a mesh plate whose physical properties (elasticity, strength, etc.) exceed those of the patient’s own tissues. The alloprosthesis material is biologically compatible and does not cause allergic reactions or rejection. The “mesh” prosthesis is fixed to ligaments and muscles from the abdominal cavity side using sutures or staples without disrupting tissue integrity or function. This avoids additional tension on muscles and ligaments. By reinforcing the anterior abdominal wall, it eliminates the risk of recurrence.
• The operation lasts about one hour.
• The postoperative inpatient period usually lasts 2–3 days.
• Full rehabilitation occurs in approximately 10 days. Daily physical activity is possible after about 2 weeks.